The genotoxic effect of zno and cuo nanoparticles on early. Therefore, we evaluated the chromosomal stability in macrophages after treatment with zno nps for 24 h. Nowadays, zno as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanofibers as well as plenty of other sophisticated nanostructures takes place among the pioneer nanomaterials employed. Pdf the toxic effect of zno nanoparticles is due to their solubility. We investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects of particles on primary mouse embryo fibroblast cells. Zno based nanomaterials have been proven to be of great use for several leading applications since the beginning of nanoscience due to the abundance of zinc element and the relatively easy conversion of its oxide to nanostructures. Unfortunately, up to now the value of the e and optimum amount of mn as dopant is not clear. Naturally, cobalt occurs as only one stable isotope, cobalt 59. The expanded uses of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps have grown rapidly in the field of nanotechnology. In the present study, the phytotoxic and genotoxic effects of zno and cuo nps on buckwheat fagopyrum esculentum seedlings were estimated. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in human.
Thus, rising production of nanoparticles nps increases the possible risks to the environment and occupationally exposed humans. Repetitive exposure enhanced cyto but not genotoxicity. Cellular morphology, mitochondrial function mtt assay, and oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde, glutathione gsh. Intact skin was demonstrated to be a sufficient barrier against nps.
Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of zno and ceo 2 nanoparticles on soybean. Therefore, we evaluated the chromosomal stability in macrophages after treatment with znonps for 24 h. Accordingly, the research objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and phototoxicity behaviors of designed micnozno particles over human epidermal keratinocyte hacat cells. Therefore, present study was conducted to find out the possible effects of nps during. The present study was aimed at comparing cytotoxic effects of zno and sio 2 nanoparticles with their micron size and secondary aim was to compare responses of these particles. The transport of metal ions across the cell membrane is wellregulated, but when the. Synthesis and characterization of zno nano particles submitted by jayanta kumar behera in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of master of science in physics under the esteemed guidance of dr. The reduction in size of zinc oxide zno and silicon dioxide sio 2 particles from micron to nano scale offers unique physical characteristics on one hand while making them cytotoxic on other hand. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of zno and ceo 2 nanoparticles on soybean glycine max plants. Growth, properties, and applications 7 another approach was performed by ayudhya et al.
Although physical and chemical properties of micno zno particles have been studied, their biocompatibility has not yet been evaluated. One other important aspect of nanoparticles is the transport principle krug and wick, 2011, or the trojan horse effect. Molecular mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticleinduced. Synergistic effects between zno nps and fatty acids may be important when considering nps toxicity via oral exposure. Pdf the potential toxicity of nanoparticles has currently provoked public and scientific discussions, and attempts to develop generally accepted. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobaltbased nanoparticles sources of cobalt. Genotoxicity of zno nps zno np treatment induces genomic instability in macrophages. Investigation of the genotoxicity of aluminum oxide. Full text zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxicity.
Suspensions of nano and bulk tio2 were not toxic even at 20 gl. Genotoxic effects of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on root meristem cells of allium cepa by comet assay. Zinc oxide nanoparticles znonp are widely spread in consumer products. Tcp ca 3 po 4 2, and zinc oxide zno nanoparticles nps that were 4. Some of the synonyms used for znos are oxydatum, zinci oxicum, permanent white, ketozinc and oxozinc. Zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxicity and genotoxicity through oxidative stress responses in human lung fibroblasts and drosophila melanogaster cheng teng ng,1,2, liang qing yong,1, manoor prakash hande,3 choon nam ong,2 liya e yu,4 boon huat bay,1 gyeong hun baeg1 1department of anatomy, yong loo lin school of medicine, national university of singapore, singapore. A comprehensive in vitro and in vivo study of zno nanoparticles. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles submitted by jayanta kumar behera in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of master of science in physics under the.
Solgel method is used for the synthesis with the variation in ph. Zno nps 1518 nm in diameter were investigated at concentrations of 0. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of aluminum oxide al 2 o 3. Zn formulations exhibited the following toxicities ec50 expressed as mgl for bulk zno, nanoparticles of zno and znso47h2o. The investigation of the impact of nanoparticles on human health is overdue and reliable test systems accounting for the special properties of nanomaterials must be developed. The effect of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the comet assay with uva photoactivation of human sperm and lymphocytes. The present study was aimed at comparing cytotoxic effects of zno and sio 2 nanoparticles with their micron size and secondary aim was to compare responses of these particles to two different. Zinc oxide nanoparticles for revolutionizing agriculture. Nanoparticles and the scin a health risk for the consumer.
Aug 07, 2012 the largest source of these nanomaterials is the transitional metals. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and. Therefore, we analysed the determinants of zno nanoparticle np genotoxicity. Zinc oxide has a density of 5,61 gcm it evaporates at 0 c and above and sublimates as it reaches a temperature of 1800 c. Khanna 1 department of physics, masinde muliro university of. These characterization studies revealed the successful synthesis of pure zinc oxide nanoparticles without any impurities and unreated excessive precusor. Therefore, the nano zno particles exhibit much higher photo genotoxicity than micnozno particles.
Np administration resulted in transient histopathology of the liver that was not seen after administration of 1. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobaltbased nano particles sources of cobalt. Due to their unique properties, nanoparticles have gained considerable importance compared to bulk counterparts. Pdf synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles. The results showed that along with cesium oxide and zinc oxide, nickel and copper oxides at 10. Extensive research is going on for commercializing nanoproducts throughout the world. Data about the toxicological characteristics of znonp is still under controversial discussion.
The toxtracker assay is a recently developed mechanismbased reporter assay based on mouse embryonic stem mes cells that uses gfptagged biomarkers for detection of dna damage, oxidative. Studie on malachite green dye degradation by biogenic. Evidence exists regarding the cytotoxic effects of zno nps in mammalian cells. Nms have high surface area to volume ratio and the number of surface atoms and their arrangement determines the size and. Many reports have suggested that metallic nps and oxidative stress induce host cell dna damage asharani et al. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of zno and al2o3 nanoparticles. Therefore, the nano zno particles exhibit much higher photo genotoxicity than micno zno particles. Concern and interest related to the effects of nanomaterials on living organisms are growing in both the scientific and public communities. They exhibit antibacterial, anticorrosive, antifungal and uv filtering properties. Aug 14, 20 many airborne and soilborne nanoparticles nps can enter plants, which are the primary producers in the food chain.
Among other metal nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles are very much important due to their utilization in gas sensors, biosensors. The unique behavior and physicochemical properties of engineered nanoparticles nps confer novel capabilities to these particles, suitable for a plethora of industrial applications, but currently raise concerns about hazardous effects on biological systems. Genotoxicity was shown as increases in the % tail dna shown by the comet assay. Zno nanopowders are available as powders and dispersions. Uvvis spectrum of zno nps recorded in 200800nm region as presented in figure 1d shows exciton absorption peak is at 373nm i. The results of the study indicated cytotoxic effects of znonp beginning at high concentrations of 50. Dec 14, 2017 zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps are among the most frequently applied nanomaterials in consumer products. Aug 29, 2008 we investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects of particles on primary mouse embryo fibroblast cells. Zincoxide nanoparticles exhibit genotoxic, clastogenic. The analysis result showed that zinc oxide is found to be at nano scale, with uniform morphology and well crystalline nature kushal et al. Until recently, most of the studies on the potential zno nps toxicity have focused on conventional model systems like mammals, aquatic. Although physical and chemical properties of micnozno particles have been studied, their biocompatibility has not yet been evaluated.
Pdf comparative in vitro genotoxicity study of zno. As observed in the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium mtt and water. We report here in this paper the synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles with an average size of particles less than 50 nm. Accordingly, the research objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and phototoxicity behaviors of designed micno zno particles over human epidermal keratinocyte hacat cells. Comparative study of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and. Nanotechnology is the most innovative field of 21st century. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal viability assay for using with zno nps and to assess their toxicity to human hepatocyte l02 and human embryonic kidney hek293 cells.
Synthesis and characterization of manganese doped zno. Nano and microsized zno show systemic distribution, also after oral uptake, with a higher absorption and stronger toxic effect of the nanosized particles. Pdf genotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles researchgate. Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of zno nano crystals. Impact of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles on physiological and molecular processes in brassica napus l. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles via. When photo genotoxicity results of the nano zno particles and micnozno particles are compared for uva, the tail length was increased by 71% for the nano zno particles and the increase was 59% for micnozno particles.
Nevertheless, to the authors knowledge there are no reports on the biotransformation of nps by edible terrestrial plants. The inhibition of root growth and biomass at the tested. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobalt, nickel and. Many airborne and soilborne nanoparticles nps can enter plants, which are the primary producers in the food chain. Centrifugation is used in order to enhance the properties of the synthesized zno nanoparticles. The effect of nanoparticle zno on environment and different. Mitotic studies in plants is thus considered as a reliable index in assessing genotoxicity in plants. Oct 30, 2012 traces of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps used may be found in the liver and kidney. Epa refers to nanosized particles that are natural or aerosol as ultrafine particles ufps. Mechanismbased genotoxicity screening of metal oxide. Genotoxic effects of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. Nanosized titanium dioxide particles have been used in sunscreens since at least 1990 and nanosized zinc oxide since 1999. Tio2 nps and microparticles rutile and anatase photoactive tio2crystalline forms coated and non.
Moreover, zno nanocrystalline powders doped with 1, 3 and 5% mn were prepared using a solgel process 19. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles. Zno nanoparticles dissolve in the extracellular region, which in turn increases. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of zno and al2o3 nanoparticles article in toxicology mechanisms and methods 253. The toxic effects of zno npson organisms were studied using different treatment routes. The structure and composition of the precursor and prepared zno nps were studied using xray diffraction xrd, scanning electron microscopy sem, transmission. The present study focuses on the hydrothermal synthesis of zno nano crystals with different naoh concentrations 1.
Inflammatory effects are in particular seen in fibrous nano particles such as carbon nano tubes, and. Dillip kumar bisoyi department of physics national institute of technology, rourkela769008, orissa, india. Znobased nanomaterials have been proven to be of great use for several leading applications since the beginning of nanoscience due to the abundance of zinc element and the relatively easy conversion of its oxide to nanostructures. The acute oral toxicity of one zno nanoparticle product finex50 was investigated with a dose of 2,000 mgkg.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps are among the most frequently applied nanomaterials in consumer products. However, through neutron activation of cobalt 59, another isotope named cobalt 60 is produced. When photo genotoxicity results of the nano zno particles and micno zno particles are compared for uva, the tail length was increased by 71% for the nano zno particles and the increase was 59% for micno zno particles. The nano size of these particles means they are easily transported into biological systems, thus, raising the question of their effects on the susceptible systems. It has been revealed that numerous properties of these nano sized elements are not present in their bulk states. The toxic effects and mechanisms of cuo and zno nanoparticles. The results suggest cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of. Zinc oxide zno nps are being used worldwide in consumer products and industrial applications. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of zno and ceo 2 nanoparticles on soybean glycine max plants martha l. Nano sized titanium dioxide particles have been used in sunscreens since at least 1990 and nano sized zinc oxide since 1999. Zinc is a block d, period 4 element, while oxygen is a block p, period 2 element. Engineered zinc oxide zno nanoparticles nps have gained demand in the market owing to their unique.
Synergistic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and. Because zno nps are widely used in sunscreen, human skin to zno exposure nps was one of the most important routes. The human skin is the most important organ concerning znonp exposure. Aug 15, 2012 oral np administration resulted in transient histopathology of the liver that was not seen after administration of 1.
Hence, it is indispensable to appraise the safety toxicity including genotoxicity for these nps. Timedependent toxic and genotoxic effects of zinc oxide. The rapid expansion of manufacturing and use of nanosized materials fuels the demand for fast and reliable assays to identify their potential hazardous properties and underlying mechanisms. Nowadays, the exploration of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps based.
Genotoxicity evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles in. Accumulation and trafficking of zinc oxide nanoparticles in an. Photo genotoxicity of 10 tio2powders used in cosmetics upon request of the sccnfp 1999, an industry consortium tio 2 producers and cosmetic industry investigated cytotoxicity genotoxicity and photo genotoxicity ames, cho test material. Zinc oxide zno forms colorless hexagonal crystals or a white dusty powder. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures intechopen. Pdf in the present study, we evaluated the roles that zno particle size and zn ion release have on cyto and genotoxicity in vitro. Nanozno and nanotio 2 characterization was carried out by using transmission electron microscopy tem. Studie on malachite green dye degradation by biogenic metal nano cuo and cuozno nano composites. Nano express open access cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in human hepatocyte and embryonic kidney cells exposed to zno nanoparticles rongfa guan1, tianshu kang1, fei lu2, zhiguo zhang3, haitao shen4 and mingqi liu1 abstract traces of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps used may be found in the liver and kidney. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via precipitation method after annealing the precursor at different temperatures. In this study, we evaluated the toxic and genotoxic potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps of 20 nm and the mutagenic potential of these zno nps as well as that of an amorphous zno.
When heated, its color turns into lemon yellow changing into white again when cooled down. The sccs concludes that there is evidence for in vitro genotoxicity of zno nanoparticles as demonstrated in the positive comet assay. Genotoxicity evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles in swiss. Traces of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps used may be found in the liver and kidney. Intracellular np accumulation was observed up to 6 weeks. Colognato, r comparative genotoxicity of cobalt nanoparticles and ions on human peripheral leukocytes in vitro. Pdf evidence of the differential biotransformation and. Mutagenicity of zno may depend on the concentration, size andor particle shape. Optical and structural properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Zn formulations exhibited the following toxicities ec50 expressed as mgl for bulk zno, nanoparticles of. Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of zno nano. Genotoxicity of znonps znonp treatment induces genomic instability in macrophages. Nanoparticular zinc oxide zno may be internalised through ambient air or the topical application of cosmetics, only to name a few, with unpredictable health effects. Reports have described the toxicity of nanoparticles nps on micro and macroorganisms, including some plant species.
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